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Object Oriented Programming Concepts


As a start for Object Oriented Programming at first we will be going through a basic introduction about Object Oriented Programming Concepts.
OOP is a programming paradigm based on the concept of "objects", which may contain data, in the form of fields, often known as attributes; and code, in the form of procedures, often known as methods. 

Brief History 

  • The first object–oriented language was Simula (Simulation of real systems) that was developed in 1960 by researchers at the Norwegian Computing Center.
  • In 1970, Alan Kay and his research group at Xerox PARK created a personal computer named Dynabook and the first pure object-oriented programming language (OOPL) - Smalltalk, for programming the Dynabook.
  • In the 1980s, Grady Booch published a paper titled Object Oriented Design that mainly presented a design for the programming language, Ada. In the ensuing editions, he extended his ideas to a complete object–oriented design method.
  • In the 1990s, Coad incorporated behavioral ideas to object-oriented methods.


As OOP is linked with objects and classes,lets see what an object and a class is.

Object

Object is an element which has a physical or a conceptual existence that can extinguishes other objects.These Objects can be modeled according to the needs of the application.Basically an object has an identity,state and  a behavior.Also object can be called as an instance of a class

Class

A class represents a collection of objects having same characteristic properties that exhibit common behavior. It gives the blueprint or description of the objects that can be created from it.

example : A set of vehicles with operations for starting, stopping, driving, get km/liter

With these classes and objects few OOP concepts have been built which will be discused in upcoming articles.Those concepts are,
  1. Encapsulation
  2. Inheritanve
  3. Polymorphism
  4. Generalization and Specialization
  5. Abstraction


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